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    Harmonization of water quality legislation in shared basins of Central Asia
    (Cappadocia University Press, 2022) Reznikova, Tais; Sarikenova, Shynar; Melian, Ruslan
    The majority of water quality standards currently applied in Central Asia are based on the System of Surface Water Quality Specifications developed by the Soviet Union in the 1960s–1970s, while the water quality management system in these countries is based mostly on the inherited environmental quality standards (maximum allowable concentrations) and discharge standards (maximum allowable discharges). In the last two decades, with the decentralization of the former Soviet republics and their independent development, the national water quality systems differed from each other, although preserving some common elements. The different approaches to water quality assessment in transboundary basins across the region may also result in dissimilar characteristics of the same shared watercourse being identified. Moreover, the current legal systems lack the necessary provisions to allow targets to be set for each water body as a means of improving the water quality in the future. Based on the expert opinions, this chapter examines the main legislative barriers and the problems faced in transitioning to a new water quality classification system in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. An analysis of the current water quality provisions will also be conducted to allow the formulation of recommendations for the countries.