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Öğe Anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of naringin on bacterial endotoxin-induced small intestine damage in rats(2022) Akin, Ali Tuğrul; El Bechir, Mohamed Lemine; Kaymak, Emin; Ceylan, Tayfun; Sayan, Meryem; Değer, Necla; Karabulut, Derya; Toluk, AyşePurpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the anti inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of naringin (NRG), which has many biological properties, on bacterial endotoxin-induced small intestine damage in rats. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 40 female Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups as Control (group given no treatment), LPS (group given 10 mg/kg/i.p lipopolysaccharide), NRG (group given 100 mg/kg/i.p naringin for 14 days) and LPS + NRG (group given 100 mg/kg/i.p naringin for 14 days before 10 mg/kg/i.p lipopolysaccharide injection). After experimental procedure, small intestine tissues of animals were extracted and prepared according to tissue processing protocol. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining were performed to evaluate the histopathological changes and histological damage scoring was applied to compare experimental groups in terms of histopathological changes. Moreover, TNF-? and Caspase-3 expression levels were detected by immunohistochemical staining and the density of immunoreactivity were scored to determine the difference in the expression levels of TNF-? and Caspase-3 expressions among groups. Results: Epithelial and Brunner’s gland damage, mononuclear cell infiltration, hemorrhage, and TNF-? and Caspase-3 expressions significantly increased in the LPS group. However, NRG administrations exerted a strong protective effect on the small intestine tissues in terms of these parameters in LPS+NRG group. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that 100 mg/kg NRG injection can be regarded as a protective agent against negative effects of endotoxin-induced infection on the intestinal mucosa and that it should not be disregarded in further clinical trials.Öğe Effect of thymoquinone on NRF2/NF-kB/MAPK pathway in methotrexate-induced rat testis injury(Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 2024) Kaymak, Emin; Ceylan, Tayfun; Akin, Ali Tuğrul; Kuloğlu, Nurhan; Sayan, Meryem; Değer, Necla; Önal, Esra; Yıldırım, Ayşegül Burçin; Karabulut, DeryaObjective(s): In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of Thymoquinone (THQ) against testicular damage caused by Methotrexate (MTX). Materials and Methods: This study consists of 5 groups: Control, Olive oil, THQ, MTX, and MTX+THQ. At the end of the experiment, spermiogram analysis was performed on the rats. In addition, testicular tissues were taken and histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry analysis were performed. Biochemical analyses were performed on the serums. Results: According to the results obtained, spermiogram values, Johnson’s testicular biopsy score, SOD, CAT, GPx, FSH, LH, and testosterone values were statistically significantly decreased in the MTX group compared to the control group. In the MTX+THQ group, spermiogram values, Johnson’s testicular biopsy score, SOD, CAT, GPx, FSH, LH, and testosterone values increased statistically significantly compared to the MTX group. NRF2 and HO-1 immunoreactivity were statistically significantly decreased in the MTX group compared to the control group. In the MTX+THQ group, NRF2 and HO-1 immunoreactivity were statistically significantly increased compared to the MTX group. The level of MDA, which is important in lipid damage, and the level of biochemistry results of TNF-?, IL1-?, and IL-6, which are important markers, and the results of p-NF-kB and P38 immunoreactivity were statistically significantly increased in the MTX group compared to the control group. In the MTX+THQ group, these parameters showed a significant decrease compared to the MTX group. Conclusion: According to these results, it is thought that THQ will play a protective role against infertility caused by chemotherapy-induced testicular damage.Öğe Investigation of the effect of thymoquinone on kidney damage in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats and cardiorenal interactions(Experimental and Applied Medical Science, 2023) Yıldırım, Ayşegül Burçin; Değer, Necla; Sayan, Meryem; Akin, Ali Tuğrul; Ceylan, Tayfun; Kaymak, Emin; Kara, Mehmet; Ünsal, Murat; Karabulut, DeryaThis study aimed to determine whether thymoquinone has any protective effects on renal tissue after an isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (MI). Experimental groups were formed as 4 groups (n=8). Control group (C). Thymoquinone group (THQ), 20 mg/kg single dose intragastric (i.g.) daily for seven days. Isoproterenol group (ISO) was administered 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally in two doses on days 7 and 8 of the experiment. Thymoquinone+Isoproterenol group (THQ+ISO), THQ 20 mg/kg i.g. was administered once a day for seven days. In addition, two doses of ISO 100 mg/kg i.p. were administered on the seventh and eighth days. Kidney tissues were evaluated histopathologically. Kidney tissues were evaluated histopathologically. Tumour necrosis factor alpha(TNF-?) and alpha Smooth Muscle Actin(?-SMA) immunoreactivity density changes were determined by immunohistochemistry. Glutathione(GST), Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) levels were evaluated by ELISA method. Isoproterenol injection caused severe histopathological changes on kidney tissue. Also TNF-? and ?-SMA levels were found to be higher in groups where ISO was administered. THQ could be effective on kidney tissue to partially correct these histopathological damages, by decreasing fibrosis and inflammation. This study shows that treatment with THQ is effective in preventing kidney damage caused by ISO-induced MI. We think that THQ as a supplementary food will be effective to prevent kidney damage.Öğe Thymoquinone reduces methotrexate-induced heart damage: a histopathological study in rats(Cukurova Medical Journal, 2023) Yıldırım, Ayşegül Burçin; Kaymak, Emin; Ceylan, Tayfun; Akin, Ali Tuğrul; Kuloğlu, Nurhan; Sayan, Meryem; Değer, Necla; Önal, Esra; Karabulut, DeryaPurpose: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of thymoquinone on cardiac tissue in MTX-induced cardiac toxicity in rats with various parameters. Materials and Methods: Group I (n=8) was administered intraperitoneal saline for 10 days. Intraperitoneal olive oil was applied to Group II (n=8) for 10 days. Group III (n=8) received 10 mg/kg Thymoquinone (THQ) intraperitoneally for 10 days. Group IV (n=8) was administered a single dose of 20 mg/kg Methotrexate (MTX), 500 mg/20 ml, intraperitoneally on the 1st day of the experiment. Group V (n=8) MTX: 20 mg/kg single dose intraperitoneally on the 1st day; THQ: 10mg/kg i.p. administered for 10 days. Since Methotrexate was in liquid form, no solvent was used. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed for analysis of heart tissue. The structure of heart tissue was evaluated by hematoxylin eosin staining. Immunohistochemically, Connexin-43, HSP90, and HIF 1? antibodies were stained. Results: Group IV was found to have histopathological deterioration, which was ameliorated by THQ. In addition to this; Connexin-43 immunoreactivity was the lowest in Group IV compared to other groups: 108.5±7.4. Compared to other groups, HSP90 immunoreactivity was highest in Group IV: 103.6±10.4. Compared to other groups, HIF-1? immunoreactivity was highest in Group IV: 95.2 ±9.1. Conclusion: Thymoquinone has a positive effect on Connexin-43, one of the proteins providing conduction in intercalary discs, HSP90, one of the chaperones in the cell and HIF-1? expression against MTX toxicity. At the same time, THQ provides a significant improvement in cardiac tissue histopathologically by showing a cardioprotective effect.
