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    Gut barrier protein levels in serial blood samples from critically ill trauma patients during and after intensive care unit stay
    (European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, 2023) Altuntaş Dönmez, Hamiyet; Şahin Ergül, Serap; Altın Çelik, Pınar; Bulut, Kadir; Eciroğlu, Hamiyet; Üzen, Ramazan; Güneş Şahin, Gülşah; Özer, Nurhayat; Temel, Şahin; Arıkan, Türkmen Bahadır; Esmaoğlu, Aliye; Yüksel, Recep Civan; Sungur, Murat; Gündoğan, Kürşat
    Purpose In an efort to better manage critically ill patients hospitalised in the intensive care unit (ICU) after experiencing multiple traumas, the present study aimed to assess whether plasma levels of intestinal epithelial cell barrier proteins, including occludin, claudin-1, junctional adhesion molecule (JAM-1), tricellulin and zonulin, could be used as novel biomarkers. Additional potential markers such as intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), d-lactate, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and citrulline were also evaluated. We also aimed to determine the possible relationships between the clinical, laboratory, and nutritional status of patients and the measured marker levels. Methods Plasma samples from 29 patients (frst, second, ffth and tenth days in the ICU and on days 7, 30 and 60 after hospital discharge) and 23 controls were subjected to commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Results On frst day (admission) and on the second day, plasma I-FABP, d-lactate, citrulline, occludin, claudin-1, tricellulin and zonulin levels were high in trauma patients and positively correlated with lactate, C-reactive protein (CRP), number of days of ICU hospitalisation, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score and daily Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores (P<0.05–P<0.01). Conclusion The results of the present study showed that occludin, claudin-1, tricellulin and zonulin proteins, as well as I-FABP, d-lactate and citrulline, may be used as promising biomarkers for the evaluation of disease severity in critically ill trauma patients, despite the complexity of the analysis of various barrier markers. However, our results should be supported by future studies.
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    The Effects of Enteral Nutritional Support and Inflammation on Plasma Thiamine and Erythrocyte Thiamine Pyrophosphate Concentrations in the Acute Phase of Critical Illness
    (2025) Ozer, Nurhayat Tugra; Gunes Sahin, Gulsah; Sahin Ergul, Serap; Temel, Sahin; Yuksel, Recep Civan; Sungur, Murat; Thomas R. Ziegler; Gundogan, Kursat
    Objective: Plasma thiamine concentrations are decreased with inflammation, but approximately 90% of thiamine is within erythrocytes. We evaluated the effect of enteral nutritional therapy and inflammation on plasma thiamine and erythrocyte thiamine pyrophosphate (eTPP) concentrations, respectively, in critically ill patients. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from participants within the first 24-h of ICU admission, and the second sample was obtained on the discharge day in participants with ICU stay <7 days or on the 7th ICU Day in participants with ICU stay>7 days. Plasma thiamine and eTPP levels were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were determined by turbidimetric analysis. Results: Fifty participants, 57% male, were included, and the median age was 68.0 (range: 52.5– 75.5) years. The mean plasma thiamine concentration was 13.6±5.22 nmol/L at the first time point, 15.2±5.06 nmol/L at the second time point (reference range: 8–30 nmol/L). The median eTPP value was 621 (range: 407–922) ng/gHb at the first time point and 588 (range: 338–889) ng/g Hb at the second time point (reference range: 275–675 ng/gHb). Plasma thiamine and eTPP concentrations were significantly lower in orally fed participants versus those receiving enteral tube feeding (p<0.05 for both study time points). Multiple linear regression revealed that plasma thiamine and serum CRP levels significantly predicted eTPP value (F=3.623, p=0.020, R2=0.78). Conclusion: Participants receiving enteral tube feeding had higher plasma thiamine and eTPP concentrations than those who received an oral diet alone. eTPP concentrations can be predicted by plasma thiamine coupled with serum CRP levels. Keywords: Critical illness, enteral nutrition, erythrocyte thiamine pyrophosphate, inflammation, plasma thiamine.


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