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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12695/2794

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    Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky: her Functionalist Practice and the Village School Projects in Turkey.
    (Taylor and Francis / Routledge / RIBA, 2025) Cengizkan, Ali
    The Austrian activist and architect Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky is well known for conceptualising the Frankfurt Kitchen for Ernst May’s Das Neue Frankfurt in 1926, from where it disseminated worldwide through the twentieth century as a modern, innovative scheme for house interiors. In the 1930s, when May’s group was commissioned to work at new Soviet cities in Russia, she got the experience of designing social centres and kindergartens along with other educational environments for children. When her life-long works are subjected to close analysis, what is connecting all these diverse accomplishments is her persistence in carrying out functionalist and modernist principles in design. Though she lived in Turkey for less than three years (1938–1940), she was quite influential. As an active democratic citizen of Austria and an undercover member of the Austrian Communist Party (KPÖ) in I?stanbul, she was teaching architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts in I?stanbul and practicing architectural design as a member of the Implementation Bureau for the Ministry of Culture. Her village school schemes, publicised in 1939, were in search for improvement of the already designed plan prototypes, developing new strategies of design layouts and proposing new methods of procurement of building material and workforce in the rural. The recently found archival material in Ankara sheds light on the details of her village school building proposals, with which she aimed to improve the educational environments demanded by the new republican regime in Turkey. Revealed here for the first time are her original submission sheets to the Directorate of Primary Education, which enable us to closely understand her endeavour for a well-developed rational architecture and a democratised contemporary education.