Diş Hekimliği - Makale Koleksiyonu

Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12695/229

Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 34

Impact of complete dentures on pharyngeal volumes of edentulous individuals with obstructive sleep apnea: A pilot clinical study
(11.06.2026) Özarslantürk, Savaş; Uyar, Alper; Büyükbaş, Nesrin; Akpınar, İrfan; Öncü, Ruken; Pişkin, Bülent; Ulcay, Tufan; Doğan, Kadirhan; Cüce, Ferhat; Işık, Muhammed İkbal; Türkmen, Volkan
Statement of problem: Evidence remains scarce regarding the impact of complete denture use on velopharyngeal (VP), oropharyngeal (OP), hypopharyngeal (HP), and total pharyngeal (TP) volumes in edentulous patients, as assessed by 3-dimensional imaging. Purpose: This pilot clinical study evaluated the effects of complete denture use on VP, OP, HP, and TP volumes in edentulous participants with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Material and methods: Edentulous participants using complete dentures with mild (OSA-1, n=11), moderate (OSA-2, n=9), and severe OSA (OSA-3, n=10) were evaluated. Anthropometric parameters (neck length, neck circumference, and body-mass index [BMI]) and Mallampati classification (MC-12 and MC-34) were recorded. Three-dimensional T2-weighted sagittal MRI scans (2 mm slice thickness) were obtained without dentures (WOD) and with dentures in place (WID). Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images were analyzed using the ITK-SNAP software program to measure VP, OP, HP, and TP volumes. WOD and WID values were compared using paired t tests (α=.05), and Pearson correlation analysis was performed for anthropometric variables. Results: A positive, moderate correlation was found between neck height and WID-OP, WID-HP, and WID-TP (r=0.436, r=0.492, and r=0.423; P=.016, P=.006, and P=.020, respectively). In the MC-12 group, WID significantly increased OP volume (P=.014), whereas in the MC-34 group, OP and TP volumes decreased significantly (P=.003 and P=.043, respectively). The OSA-1, OSA-2, and OSA-3 groups showed statistically significant differences in OP values under WOD and WID conditions (P=.014, P<.001, and P=.001, respectively). Conclusions: Complete dentures may induce significant volumetric changes in specific pharyngeal regions depending on certain anthropometric features, oropharyngeal morphology, and OSA severity.
Impact of Hemodialysis on Body Fluid Distribution and Phase Angle in Chronic Renal Failure: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study
(21.03.2026) Yücel, Hasan Esat; Ulcay, Tufan; Görgülü, Özkan; Güçlü, Aydın; Öncü, Ruken; Uğuz, Emre; Aladağ, Muhammed Fırat; Çeliker, Mesut; Doğan, Kadirhan; Sungur, Mesut; Uzun, Ahmet
Aim: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a widely used, non-invasive technique that provides valuable information about phase angle (PhA) and hydration status, both of which are indicators of cellular health. In patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), fluid bal ance is often disrupted due to impaired kidney function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hemodialysis (HD) on segmental PhA values and body fluid distribution in patients with CRF. Material and Methods: Patients receiving HD for CRF were enrolled. Using a multi-frequency (5, 50, 250 kHz) BIA device, segmental PhA and body fluid composition were measured. Results: Post-dialysis measurements revealed a significant increase in phase angles across all examined segments. Concurrently, extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW) and total body water (TBW) volumes significantly decreased, whereas both ECW/ TBW and ECW/ICW ratios increased. Conclusion: HD leads to significant shifts in body fluid compartments, resulting in reduced hydration status and increased segmental phase angles values.
WHERE THE PIPELINE LEAKS AND DELAYS: GENDERED ACADEMIC DYNAMICS IN ANATOMY IN TÜRKİYE
(Springer Nature BIOMED CENTRAL LTD., 17 Şubat 2026) ÇANDIR GÜRSES, BUSE NAZ; ÇANDIR, SABİHA NİSA
AbstractBackground This study examines gender representation across the academic anatomy pipeline in Türkiye, fromgraduate education and thesis authorship to academic faculty ranks, and aims to identify where gender disparitiesemerge.Methods Data were obtained from three national open-access sources: annual reports on the numbers of master’sand doctoral students in anatomy programs (2015–2025), all anatomy theses published between 1969–2024, andthe distribution of academic staff in anatomy departments as of March 2025. Gender was classified using publiclyavailable institutional and academic profiles. These datasets were examined comparatively to map longitudinalpatterns from training to senior academic ranks.Results A total of 1,657 theses were included; women accounted for 57.2% of authors, and their proportionincreased from 42.9% in early decades to 64.8% in 2020–2024 (p<0.001). Between 2015–2025, women’s representationrose from 58.2% to 69.7% in master’s programs and from 40.1% to 54.7% in doctoral programs. Despite strongrepresentation of women at trainee levels, only 31% of professors in 2025 were women, while their representationwas markedly higher among research assistants (74.4%) and lecturers (69.6%). Academic rank and gender weresignificantly associated (p<0.001), indicating progressive attrition of women along the academic pathway.Conclusions Although women enter the anatomy field in Türkiye in strong numbers and successfully completegraduate training, this increasing representation does not translate into senior academic positions. These findingsshow that women’s strong early-stage presence fails to reach senior ranks, exposing both clear leakage andsuggesting marked delayed advancement in the academic pipeline
Title: Activation of the Kynurenine Pathway in Possible Bruxism: Associations with Cortisol, TNF-α, and Possible Bruxism Subtypes
(Springer Nature, 16/08/2026)
Objective: Bruxism (BR) is a repetitive activity of the masticatory muscles influenced by stress-related and neurophysiological mechanisms. Psychological stress activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to cortisol release and modulation of immune responses and tryptophan (Trp) metabolism via the kynurenine (KYN) pathway. The KYN pathway is activated in various systemic and physiological disorders. However, whether KYN pathway activation occurs in BR remains unknown. Investigating KYN pathway activation in BR may help clarify the biochemical basis of BR. This study aimed to investigate changes in cortisol, melatonin, tryptophan (Trp), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), KYN, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels in saliva samples taken from individuals with possible BR, and to examine whether there are differences in these parameters between individuals with possible sleep bruxism (SB) and possible combined bruxism (CB). Methods: The study included 84 individuals with possible BR and 84 age-matched healthy controls. BR symptoms were assessed with a five-item questionnaire evaluating sleep- and awake-related grinding and clenching behaviors. Morning saliva samples were collected and analyzed by ELISA to determine concentrations of cortisol, melatonin, Trp, 5-HT, KYN, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. The degradation rate of Trp was evaluated using the KYN/Trp ratio (KTR). Biochemical parameters were compared between groups. Correlation analyses assessed relationships among variables, and regression analyses identified independent predictors of bruxism subtypes. Results: Saliva cortisol, TNF-α, KYN, and KTR levels were higher, and Trp and IFN-γ levels were lower in the possible BR group than in the control group (p<0.001 for all comparisons). Saliva cortisol, TNF-α, KYN, and KTR levels were higher (p<0.001 for all comparisons), and melatonin levels were lower in the possible SB group than in the possible CB (p<0.01). In the possible BR group, cortisol levels were positively correlated with KYN and KTR and negatively correlated with IFN-γ. Low Trp levels were a common independent predictor across both possible BR, while TNF-α was the only independent predictor distinguishing possible SB from possible CB. Conclusion: Our results suggest an interaction among stress-related neuroendocrine responses, immune activation, and Trp metabolism in BR. Patients with possible SB had higher levels of cortisol, KYN, KTR, and TNF-α than those with possible CB, suggesting that SB may be more closely linked to stress and inflammation. Our results may contribute to understanding the interactions among HPA axis activity, inflammation, and Trp metabolism in BR, as well as the biochemical basis of BR type differences. Keywords: Bruxism, Cortisol, Melatonin, Kynurenine Pathway, Tryptophan, TNF-α, IFN-γ
Effect of the hypothalamic serotonin on body weight change in the context of brain insulin resistance in Alzheimer’s disease
(Kastamonu Medical Journal, 16/06/2026) Ebru
Aims: The present work was designed to evaluate how alterations in serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), 5-HT receptor subtype 2B (5-HT2BR), and neuropeptide Y (NPY) are associated with body weight regulation in a rat model of brain insulin resistance (B-IR) that mimics the early pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: B-IR was induced in rats through intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of amyloid-β₁–₄₂ oligomers at a dose of 2.5 nmol in a total volume of 10 μL. 5-HT concentrations were quantified in brainstem and hypothalamic samples, while hypothalamic levels of 5-HT2BR and NPY were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. Body weight variation for each animal was defined as the difference between post-experimental and initial measurements. Group comparisons were conducted using the Mann–Whitney U test, and statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05. Results: Rats in the B-IR group showed a tendency toward increased 5-HT levels in brainstem tissue compared to the control group (p > 0.05), whereas hypothalamic 5-HT levels were significantly decreased in the B-IR group compared to controls (p < 0.01); body weight was significantly reduced in the B-IR group compared to the control group (p<0.01). In addition, rats in the B-IR group showed a downward trend in hypothalamic 5-HT2BR and NPY levels compared with the control group (p > 0.05 for both). Conclusion: These findings suggest that decreased hypothalamic 5-HT levels in the B-IR group may be associated with the observed reduction in body weight. Additionally, the downward trends observed in 5-HT2BR and NPY levels may also be related to this change.
Epirubicin Alters Pancreatic Autophagy and Insulin Synthesis Through a Zinc-Dependent Mechanism
(Wiley, 12/06/2026) Ebru
Epirubicin (EPI) can cause metabolic side effects, including chemotherapy-related diabetes, partly through oxidative stress that disrupts zinc (Zn) homeostasis and impairs autophagy. This study investigated the effects of EPI on Zn regulation and autophagy in the pancreas, as well as the modulatory role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Rats received EPI (9.6 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) followed 1 h later by NAC (50 or 300 mg/kg, i.p.). Glucose homeostasis was assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA-IR), and β-cell function was assessed using HOMA-β levels. Plasma insulin levels, as well as insulin, proinsulin, beclin, autophagy-related proteins (ATG5), Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 (LC3), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTOR1), cleaved caspase-3, Zrt/Irt-like Protein 10 (ZIP10), and the proliferation marker Ki-67 in pancreatic tissue, were measured using commercial ELISA kits. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured using commercial colorimetric assay kits, and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Zn levels in pancreatic tissue and plasma samples were measured using a colorimetric method. Morphological changes in the pancreas were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. As a result, in the EPI group, oxidative stress and ZIP10 levels increased, whereas Zn levels decreased, as well as pancreatic autophagy, proliferation, and insulin synthesis increased. Oxidative stress decreased in both the EN-50 and EN-300 groups, with a more pronounced decrease in the EN-300 group. Furthermore, in the EN-300 group, pancreatic Zn, ZIP10, autophagy, and proliferation levels decreased, whereas mTOR1 levels increased. The pancreatic insulin synthesis observed in the EN-50 group was not observed in the EN-300 group. In conclusion, the increased autophagy observed in the Epi group may reflect an adaptive response to oxidative stress. The effects of NAC on oxidative stress may be dose-dependent, and high-dose NAC administration may suppress EPI-induced autophagy via mTOR1-mediated signaling. Furthermore, the relationship among Zn levels, autophagy, and insulin synthesis observed in the experimental groups may contribute to a better understanding of EPI-associated diabetogenic alterations.
Does Zn-mediated regulation of the kynurenine pathway provide the link between periodontal disease and diabetes?
(2025-07) Afşar, Ebru; Doğan, Kadirhan; Arslan, Erdem; Eranıl, Işıl; Oral, Neşe; Kuzzu, Bahadır Kadir; Ceylan, Tayfun; Öz, Mehmet
It has long been known that there is a relationship between periodontal diseases and diabetes. The present study aimed to assess the effect of pancreatic zinc (Zn) levels on Kynurenin pathways (KP) and glucose homeostasis and the impact of Thymoquinone (TQ) in the periodontal disease animal model. Methods: 10 µl Porphyromonas gingivalis-Lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis-Lps) (1mg/ml) was injected at 48-hour intervals into the palatal gingiva of rats, and TQ was given by oral gavage (10 mg/kg per day) for 2 weeks. Glucose homeostasis was assessed using the Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA-IR), and β-cell function (HOMA-β Levels). Kynurenine (KYN), Tryptophan (TRP), kynurenic acid (KYNA), quinolinic acid (QA), KYN 3-monooxygenase (KMO), kynureninase, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), insulin, ZIP10, and caspase-3 levels measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Zinc levels in the pancreas tissue and plasma samples were measured using a colorimetric method. Morphological changes in the pancreas were identified by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and X-ray radiography determined bone resorption in the maxillary bone. Results: In the LPS group, pancreas ZIP10 and Zn levels increased, the KP pathway was altered to favor KYNA, and impaired glucose homeostasis was observed. TQ administration decreased pancreatic Zn levels, changed KP to favor QA, and improved morphological changes in the pancreas. Conclusion: During the progression of periodontal diseases, KP may be altered by Zn levels through ZIP10 in the pancreas, thereby impairing pancreatic function. Regulation of Zn levels may be key to shared pathways between periodontal diseases and diabetes.
Alzheimer Hastalığında Beyin İnsülin Direnci Bağlamında 5HT2B Reseptörü/NPY Yolunun Vücut Ağırlığının Değişimi Üzerindeki Etkisi
(2025-07) Afşar, Ebru
Amaç: Bu çalışmada Alzheimer Hastalığının (AH) erken dönemini yansıtan beyin insülin direnci oluşturulmuş (B-IR) sıçan modelinde serotonin (5-hidroksitriptamin, 5-HT), 5-HT reseptör 2B (5-HT2BR) ve nöropeptit Y (NPY) düzeylerinde meydana gelen değişimin vücut ağırlığı üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Beyin insülin direnci sıçan modeli, lateral ventriküllere intraserebroventriküler Aβ42 oligomerin (AβO) intraserebroventriküler (i.c.v) enjeksiyon yoluyla (2,5 nmol/10 μl) enjeksiyonu yoluyla oluşturuldu. Beyin sapı ve hipotalamus dokusunda 5-HT düzeyleri, hipotalamus dokusunda 5HT2BR ve NPY düzeyleri Elisa kit ile ölçüldü. Her bir sıçanın vücut ağırlığının değişimi, başlangıç ağırlıklarının son ağırlıklarından çıkarılmasıyla hesaplandı. İstatistiksel değerlendirme SPSS 23.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapıldı. P<0.05’i sağlayan değerler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi Bulgular: B-IR grubunda bulunan sıçanların beyin sapı dokusunda 5-HT düzeylerinin önemli derecede arttığı (p=0.522) ancak hipotalamus 5-HT düzeylerinin anlamlı derecede azaldığı görüldü (p=0.009). Ayrıca hipotalamus dokusunun 5HT2B ve NPY düzeylerinin azalmasının yanısıra (p=0.102, p=0.109) B-IR grubunda bulunan sıçanların vücut ağırlığının anlamlı derecede azaldığı görüldü (p=0.000). Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar, AH hastalığının erken döneminde görülen vücut ağırlığı değişiminin nedeninin hipotalamusta 5-HT salınımının azalmasına bağlı 5HT2BR aracılı NPY sentezinin azalması olabileceğini düşündürdü.
Pre- and Postoperative Evaluation of the Changes in Anthropometric Parameters on Female Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Patients: A Cross-Sectional Follow-Up Study
(Mary Ann Liebert Inc, 2025) Ulcay, Tufan; Görgülü, Özkan; Öncü, Ruken; Uğuz, Emre; Aladağ, Muhammet Fırat; Yücel, Hasan Esat; Erbesler, Zeynel Abidin; Özden, Hüseyin; Bulut, Bekir; Kamaşak Arpaçay, Burcu; Uzun, Ahmet; Doğan, Kadirhan; Yağmur, Berat
Background/Aims: Obesity is a major global health issue, exacerbated by reduced physical activity due to technological advancements. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for significant weight loss. This study examines 2-month postoperative changes in anthropometric parameters, muscle strength, and regional fat reduction in female patients. Materials and Methods: In this observational prospective study, anthropometric measurements were collected from female patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy between October 2022 and March 2023. Data were recorded preoperatively and at the first and second months postsurgery. Results: A significant reduction in skinfold thickness, indicative of fat mass reduction, was observed, alongside a marked improvement in grip strength within the 8-week postoperative period. Conclusion: This study is notable for being the first to comprehensively evaluate short-term changes in skinfold thickness following bariatric surgery. In addition, it is pioneering in its application of the pinch strength test alongside the hand grip strength test in this context.
The Impact of Multilevel Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion on Cervical Sagittal Alignment: A Comparative Study of Single-, Two-, and Three-Level Procedures.
(MDPI, 2025) Gökoğlu, Abdulkerim; Yiğit, Hüseyin; Doğan, Kadirhan; Nisari, Mehtap; Unur, Erdoğan
Cervical degenerative disc disease (CDD) significantly compromises patients' quality of life through the induction of radiculopathy and myelopathy. This study endeavored to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in patients presenting with single-, two-, and three-level CDD. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 94 patients who underwent ACDF between December 2018 and December 2023. Patients were categorized into single-level ( = 36), two-level ( = 40), and three-level ( = 18) CDD groups. Preoperative and postoperative radiological (X-ray, MRI) and clinical (Japanese Orthopedic Association [JOA], Visual Analog Scale [VAS]) data were rigorously analyzed. Statistically significant improvements in postoperative JOA and VAS scores were observed across all cohorts. Notably, the three-level CDD group exhibited a significantly lower JOA improvement rate compared to the single-level group ( = 0.040). All groups demonstrated a marked increase in cervical lordosis and disc height postoperatively ( < 0.05). Patients undergoing three-level ACDF presented with lower JOA scores than those undergoing single- or two-level procedures. Logistic regression analysis identified that the preservation of the disc height significantly correlated with a higher likelihood of achieving a greater JOA improvement. ACDF is established as a safe and efficacious surgical intervention for patients with single-, two-, and three-level CDD. The implementation of hybrid prostheses appears to be instrumental in maintaining lordosis in multilevel ACDF. Three-level ACDF is associated with diminished JOA improvement rates compared to single-level ACDF. Further longitudinal, multicenter investigations are warranted to validate these findings.
Unveiling the Protective Potential of Crocin in Septic Acute Liver Injury via Assessment of TLR4/HGM1/NF??B Signaling Pathway, Oxidative Stress and Heat Shock Response
(Cell Biochemistry and Function, 2025) Akin, Ali Tuğrul; Kaymak, Emin; Ceylan, Tayfun; Kuloğlu, Nurhan; Karabulut, Derya; Toluk, Ayşe
Sepsis, defined as a systemic inflammatory response, is one of the conditions with the highest mortality rates. Crosin (CRO) is one of the active ingredients in saffron and known for its various pharmacological effects. It has been reported to have protective and healing effects on liver tissue. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective role of CRO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury. 40 male Wistar Albino rats aged 8–12 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control, CRO (50?mg/kg, intraperitoneal administration for 9 days), LPS (30?mg/kg, single dose), and LPS?+?CRO (50?mg/kg CRO for 9 days along with a single dose of 30?mg/kg LPS). Following the experimental procedure, liver and blood samples were collected for further analyses. Histopathological analysis revealed a marked increase in liver damage in the LPS group, as evidenced by significant histopathological changes. In contrast, the liver histology in the LPS?+?CRO group closely resembled that of the Control and CRO groups, exhibiting substantially less damage compared to the LPS group. Immunohistochemical examinations showed a significant increase in the expressions of TLR4, HMGB1, NF-?B, TNF- ?, HSP70, and HSP90 in the LPS group. However, in the LPS?+?CRO group, the levels of these markers were significantly lower compared to the LPS group. ELISA analyses showed a significant increase in MDA, IL-6, and TGF-? and a decrease in SOD, CAT, GSH levels in the LPS group. Conversely, in the LPS?+?CRO group, CRO applications exhibited a significant protective effect on these alterations. Additionally, AST, ALT, and LDH levels were significantly elevated in the LPS group, while albumin levels were lower in the LPS group. CRO applications in the LPS?+?CRO group were observed to have a protective effect on these parameters. We believe that CRO holds significant potential in the treatment of acute inflammatory diseases such as septic acute liver injury and should not be overlooked.
EFFECT OF BEE BREAD ON LIVER 5HT2B-MEDIATED GLUCOSE REGULATION IN ALZHEIMER'S RAT MODEL
(ULAKBİM, 2024) Afşar, Ebru; Doğan, Kadirhan; Kantar Gül, Deniz; Kuzzu, Alev Duygu
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the effect of bee bread on glucose regulation and weight change through the change of insulin, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), and leptin hormones in the rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
How does zinc chelation affect liver sphingolipid metabolism in an Alzheimer's-like model?
(ELSEVIER, 2025) Ebru, Afşar; Kantar Gül, Deniz
Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Cyclo-Z, a combination of Cyclo (His-Pro) plus zinc, on hepatic sphingolipid (SL) metabolism and antioxidant properties in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Alzheimer's disease rat model created via intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) amyloid beta-42 oligomer (A?O) injection into the lateral ventricles. Cyclo-Z administration was performed with daily gavage for 3 weeks after the A?O injection. Ceramide, ceramide kinase (CERK), sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), glutathione (GSH), total oxidant capacity (TOS), 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) and caspase-3 levels were measured with Elisa kit in liver tissue. Results: S1P, CERK and GSH levels increased and ceramide, TOS, 4 HNE, and caspase-3 levels decreased in the liver tissues of AD group. Cyclo-Z treatment decreased S1P, CERK, ceramide and caspase-3 levels but increased TOS and 4-HNE levels in the liver tissues of AD group. Conclusion: These results showed that SL metabolism was modulated to generate an anti-apoptotic defense system in liver tissue of AD rats.
Research on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-mediated Protective Effect of Melatonin against Cardiotoxicity Following Cisplatin Treatment
(Medical Journal of Bakirkoy, 2024) Ceylan, Tayfun; Ünsal, Murat; Kaymak, Emin; Akin, Ali Tuğrul; Kuloğlu, Nurhan; Karabulut, Derya; Yakan, Birkan
Objective: Cisplatin (CP) is a chemotherapeutic drug that causes cardiotoxicity. Melatonin (MEL) is secreted by the pineal gland throughout the night. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of MEL against cardiotoxicity associated with CP exposure. Methods: Physiological saline was applied to Group 1 (control) throughout the experiment. A single dose of CP (7 mg/kg) was administered to Group 2 on the 5th day of the experiment. Group 3 received MEL (10 mg/kg) for 7 days and CP (7 mg/kg) on day 5. MEL (10 mg/kg) was administered to group 4 for 7 days. On the 8th day of the experiment, the hearts were removed under anesthesia. Sections taken from heart tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological evaluation. Additionally, heart tissue sections were immunohistochemically stained for 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP-78), growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 153 (GADD 153), and connexins (Cx 43) expression. Results: CP application caused cellular damage and disrupted heart tissue tissue integrity. At the same time, CP application caused an increase in the expression of GRP-78 and GADD 153, whereas it caused a decrease in the expression of Cx43. MEL application heals cell damage and impaired tissue integrity. However, while reducing GRP-78 and GADD153 expression; CX had an effect of increasing expression. Conclusion: MEL may have a protective effect against CP-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
Effect of thymoquinone on NRF2/NF-kB/MAPK pathway in methotrexate-induced rat testis injury
(Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 2024) Kaymak, Emin; Ceylan, Tayfun; Akin, Ali Tuğrul; Kuloğlu, Nurhan; Sayan, Meryem; Değer, Necla; Önal, Esra; Yıldırım, Ayşegül Burçin; Karabulut, Derya
Objective(s): In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of Thymoquinone (THQ) against testicular damage caused by Methotrexate (MTX). Materials and Methods: This study consists of 5 groups: Control, Olive oil, THQ, MTX, and MTX+THQ. At the end of the experiment, spermiogram analysis was performed on the rats. In addition, testicular tissues were taken and histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry analysis were performed. Biochemical analyses were performed on the serums. Results: According to the results obtained, spermiogram values, Johnson’s testicular biopsy score, SOD, CAT, GPx, FSH, LH, and testosterone values were statistically significantly decreased in the MTX group compared to the control group. In the MTX+THQ group, spermiogram values, Johnson’s testicular biopsy score, SOD, CAT, GPx, FSH, LH, and testosterone values increased statistically significantly compared to the MTX group. NRF2 and HO-1 immunoreactivity were statistically significantly decreased in the MTX group compared to the control group. In the MTX+THQ group, NRF2 and HO-1 immunoreactivity were statistically significantly increased compared to the MTX group. The level of MDA, which is important in lipid damage, and the level of biochemistry results of TNF-?, IL1-?, and IL-6, which are important markers, and the results of p-NF-kB and P38 immunoreactivity were statistically significantly increased in the MTX group compared to the control group. In the MTX+THQ group, these parameters showed a significant decrease compared to the MTX group. Conclusion: According to these results, it is thought that THQ will play a protective role against infertility caused by chemotherapy-induced testicular damage.
Effects Of Folic Acid Versus Nicotine On Bone Development
(Dergi Park, 2024) Doğan, Kadirhan; Nisari, Mehtap; Payas, Ahmet; Ertekin, Tolga; Güler, Hatice; Al, Özge
Purpose: Nicotine exposure during pregnancy directly or indirectly harms not only the mother but also the fetal tissues. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible effects of folic acid given against nicotine used during pregnancy on bone development of fetuses. Materials and Methods: 18 adult female rats were divided into control, low-dose nicotine (LDN), high-dose nicotine (HDN), low-dose nicotine + folic acid (LDN + FA), high-dose nicotine + folic acid (HDN + FA), and folic acid (FA) group equally. During 20 days, 1 ml/kg serum physiologic (SP) solution to the control group, 3 mg/kg nicotine to LDN, 6 mg/kg nicotine to HDN, 3 mg/kg nicotine and 400 µg/kg FA to LDN+FA, 6 mg/kg nicotine and 400 µg/kg FA to HDN+FA, 400 µg/kg FA to the FA group was administered. Bones of fetuses taken by cesarean section on the 20th day of pregnancy were stained with the bilateral skeleton staining technique. The stained anterior and posterior extremity bones were photographed under a stereomicroscope. Bone length, extent of ossification and percentage of ossification were measured. Statistical data were evaluated using the R programming language (v. 3.2.3). Results: The bone development of LDN and HDN groups was significantly lower and LDN+FA and HDN+FA groups was close to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: While nicotine used during pregnancy decreases the bone development of fetuses, FA may decrease this effect and increase ossification.
Crocin Suppresses Inflammatory Response in LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury (ALI) Via Regulation of HMGB1/TLR4 Inflammation Pathway
(DergiPark, 2024) Ceylan, Tayfun; Akin, Ali Tuğrul; Kaymak, Emin; Varinli, Şaban; Toluk, Ayşe
Background and Purpose: The most significant pathogen hypothesized to be causing the formation of Acute lung injury (ALI) in sepsis is thought to be lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a key endotoxin component of gram-negative bacteria. The main objective of this study is to determine possible anti-inflammatory effects of crocin (CRO) which has many biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic in LPS-induced ALI. Methods: 40 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: Control (no treatment), CRO (given 50 mg/kg crocin for 9 days), LPS (given 30 mg/kg LPS at 9th day), LPS+CRO (given 50 mg/kg crocin for 9 days and 30 mg/kg LPS at 9th day). After experimental, rats were sacrificed and lungs were extracted. Histological examinations were performed in the lung tissue and the changes in the HMGB1 and TLR4 expressions were determined via immunohistochemical staining. Results and Conclusion: Hemorrhage, mononuclear cell infiltration and HMGB1 and TLR4 expressions significantly increased in the LPS group. However, CRO administrations exerted a strong protective effect on the lungs in terms of these parameters in LPS+CRO group. According to our results, we suggest that CRO can be considered as a protective agent against LPS induced ALI via inhibition of HMGB1/TLR4 pathway-mediated inflammatory response.
Effect of vitamin B12 on methotrexate-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
(Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 2024) Kuloğlu, Nurhan; Karabulut, Derya; Kaymak, Emin; Akin, Ali Tuğrul; Ceylan, Tayfun; Yıldırım, Ayşegül Burçin; Yakan, Birkan
Objective(s): Methotrexate (MTX) is a drug with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects and is also a folic acid antagonist. Our aim in this study is to determine the molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity caused by MTX, a chemotherapeutic drug, and to evaluate the protective effects of vitamin B12 on this toxicity. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 rats were used in our study and 4 groups were formed. Control group, Vit B12 group (3 ?g/kg B12 for 15 days, IP), MTX group (20 mg/kg MTX single dose on day 8 of the experiment, IP), MTX +Vit B12 group (3 ?g/kg, IP ), Vit B12 throughout the 15 days, and a single dose of 20 mg/kg MTX (IP) on day 8 of the experiment. Immunohistochemically, expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1? (HIF1-?), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), erythropoietin (EPO), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were evaluated in the heart tissue. Total catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the heart tissue. At the same time, ANP and NT-proBNP levels were measured in the blood serum. Results: In the study, the expression of HIF1-? and VEGFR-2 increased significantly in the MTX group, while IL-6 and EPO significantly decreased. At the same time, CAT and SOD levels were significantly decreased and MDA levels increased significantly in the MTX group. While vitamin B12 significantly corrected all these values, it also greatly reduced the increases in ANP and NT-proBNP levels caused by MTX. Conclusion: It is important to use Vit B12 before and after MTX administration to replace the folate that MTX has reduced.
Comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of different disinfectants on the biofilm formation in dental unit water systems using dip slide and conventional methods: A pilot study
(Wiley, 2024) Pelin Özmen; Hilal Erdoğan; Aslıhan Güngördü; Bülent Pişkin; Funda Kont Çobankara; Serdar Sütcü; Nesrin Şahin
Objective: Biofilm formation in dental waterlines brings opportunistic infections, especially for immunosuppressive patients. This study aimed to determine biofilm-forming microorganisms by various methods and investigate disinfectants' effects on biofilm. Materials & methods: In the study, samples were obtained from the waterlines of 10-15 aged six dental units, before (0 min.) and after chlorine dioxide (ClO2 ) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) treatment (1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min.), and total colony counts were performed using conventional surface smear method (SSM) and dip slide method (DSM). The Congo red agar and Christensen methods were used to examine the biofilm-forming properties of the isolates. Monitoring of biofilm presence was also visualized by SEM scanning. Results: When DSM and SSM are compared in all units where ClO2 and HOCl are applied, DSM can detect bacterial growth even during periods of greater exposure to disinfectant application. Although DSM can achieve a value approaching 3% even at the 10th minute in units treated with HOCl; SSM does not show reproduction at the same disinfectant exposure and duration; It was observed that in the units where ClO2 was applied, the growth was no longer observed at the 10th minute with DSM, and SSM, 50% growth in the first minute of the units treated with ClO2 could not be detected in the 5th minute. Conclusions: It is concluded that it can be advisable to routinely disinfect the dental unit water systems with non-toxic doses of ClO2 application before patient treatments in clinics and also to perform contamination controls at regular intervals with DSM, which is a sensitive and very practical method. Research highlights: It has been observed that the dip slide method can count bacteria more sensitively than conventional methods in dental water systems without the need for experienced personnel and equipment. The difference between biofilm formation in water systems before and after disinfectant exposure in SEM examinations is remarkable. The effects of ClO2 and HOCl on biofilm were investigated and bacterial growth was inhibited in dental units between 5 and 10 minutes with both disinfectants.
Investigation of the effect of thymoquinone on kidney damage in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats and cardiorenal interactions
(Experimental and Applied Medical Science, 2023) Yıldırım, Ayşegül Burçin; Değer, Necla; Sayan, Meryem; Akin, Ali Tuğrul; Ceylan, Tayfun; Kaymak, Emin; Kara, Mehmet; Ünsal, Murat; Karabulut, Derya
This study aimed to determine whether thymoquinone has any protective effects on renal tissue after an isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (MI). Experimental groups were formed as 4 groups (n=8). Control group (C). Thymoquinone group (THQ), 20 mg/kg single dose intragastric (i.g.) daily for seven days. Isoproterenol group (ISO) was administered 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally in two doses on days 7 and 8 of the experiment. Thymoquinone+Isoproterenol group (THQ+ISO), THQ 20 mg/kg i.g. was administered once a day for seven days. In addition, two doses of ISO 100 mg/kg i.p. were administered on the seventh and eighth days. Kidney tissues were evaluated histopathologically. Kidney tissues were evaluated histopathologically. Tumour necrosis factor alpha(TNF-?) and alpha Smooth Muscle Actin(?-SMA) immunoreactivity density changes were determined by immunohistochemistry. Glutathione(GST), Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) levels were evaluated by ELISA method. Isoproterenol injection caused severe histopathological changes on kidney tissue. Also TNF-? and ?-SMA levels were found to be higher in groups where ISO was administered. THQ could be effective on kidney tissue to partially correct these histopathological damages, by decreasing fibrosis and inflammation. This study shows that treatment with THQ is effective in preventing kidney damage caused by ISO-induced MI. We think that THQ as a supplementary food will be effective to prevent kidney damage.

Güncel Gönderiler