The involvement of miRNAs in CYP450 gene expression: A brief review of the literature
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Journal of Research Pharmacy
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Drug biotransformation is a critical process in metabolic elimination of drugs. It occurs mainly in the liver as well as in other tissues such as kidney and small intestine and consists of three stages: Phase I, Phase II and Phase III. Drugs are converted to a more polar and hydrophilic metabolites during Phase I and Phase II, which are excreted by a variety of membrane transporters such as P-glycoprotein and Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 in Phase III. Cytochrome P450 enzyme isoforms achieve 80% of Phase I metabolism. It is well described that there is inter-individual drug response variability such as adverse drug reactions or reduced drug efficacy and that genetic variation within the sequence of biotransformation-related genes affects these different therapeutic outcomes observed between individuals. However, genetic factors cannot completely explain inter-individual differences. Recent studies have shown that epigenetic factors such as histone modification, DNA methylation and non-coding miRNAs heavily influence drug biotransformation through post-transcriptional regulation of metabolism gene expression. It is important to understand the causes of alterations in drug metabolism since varied biotransformation may lead to adverse drug effects or a loss of efficacy. Therefore, in this review, the effects of miRNAs in CYP450 gene expression will be discussed briefly in the light of recent studies.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
miRNA, CYP450, Gene Expression, Epigenetics, Inter-individual difference
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
26
Sayı
2
