Impact of Hemodialysis on Body Fluid Distribution and Phase Angle in Chronic Renal Failure: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Study

Aim: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a widely used, non-invasive technique that provides valuable information about phase angle (PhA) and hydration status, both of which are indicators of cellular health. In patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), fluid bal ance is often disrupted due to impaired kidney function. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hemodialysis (HD) on segmental PhA values and body fluid distribution in patients with CRF. Material and Methods: Patients receiving HD for CRF were enrolled. Using a multi-frequency (5, 50, 250 kHz) BIA device, segmental PhA and body fluid composition were measured. Results: Post-dialysis measurements revealed a significant increase in phase angles across all examined segments. Concurrently, extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW) and total body water (TBW) volumes significantly decreased, whereas both ECW/ TBW and ECW/ICW ratios increased. Conclusion: HD leads to significant shifts in body fluid compartments, resulting in reduced hydration status and increased segmental phase angles values.